Patent Damages Heuristics

Patent Damages and Spatial Competition

This paper analyzes price competition between a spatially differentiated product patentee and an imitator anticipating the possibility of future patent damages. We compare the performance of three damage regimes. The “reasonable royalty” regime, the only one that yields symmetric equilibrium pricing, maximizes static welfare and yields the highest incentives to innovate when patent enforcement ...

Breaking the Vicious Cycle of Patent Damages

Patent law is implicitly, and sometimes explicitly, based upon a story of patent infringement in which technology users are presumed to be able to discover relevant patents in advance and either design around them or negotiate patent licenses before using the patented technology. That story does not hold true in many fields today, in which the number and widespread ownership of potentially rele...

Effective heuristics and meta-heuristics for the quadratic assignment problem with tuned parameters and analytical comparisons

Quadratic assignment problem (QAP) is a well-known problem in the facility location and layout. It belongs to the NP-complete class. There are many heuristic and meta-heuristic methods, which are presented for QAP in the literature. In this paper, we applied 2-opt, greedy 2-opt, 3-opt, greedy 3-opt, and VNZ as heuristic methods and tabu search (TS), simulated annealing, and pa...

Liquidated Damages in California

Intravenous Paracetamol and Patent Ductus Arteriosus Closure

Background: Standard medical treatments for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure are, including indomethacin/ibuprofen and surgical ligation. Nowadays, a new strategy to close PDA is the use of paracetamol. The present study aimed to describe the use of intravenous (IV) paracetamol for PDA closure in neonates who present a contraindication to ibuprofen or ibuprofen failure with no possibility...